Everything about The Slit Lamp totally explained
The
slit lamp is an
instrument consisting of a high-intensity
light source that can be focused to shine as a slit. It is used in conjunction with a
microscope. The lamp facilitates an examination which looks at anterior segment, or frontal structures, of the
human eye, which includes the
eyelid,
sclera,
conjunctiva,
iris, natural
crystalline lens, and
cornea. The binocular slit-lamp examination provides stereoscopic magnified view of the eye structures in striking detail, enabling exact anatomical diagnoses to be made for a variety of eye conditions. Combined with special lenses like Goldmann 3-mirror lens,
Gonioscopy single-mirror/ Zeiss 4-mirror lens for angle structures and +90D lens, +78D lens, +66D lens & Hruby (-56D) lens, the examination of retinal structures is accomplished in detail.
While a patient is seated in the examination
chair, he rests his
chin and
forehead on a support to steady the head. Using the biomicroscope, the
ophthalmologist then proceeds to examine the patient's eye. A fine strip of
paper, stained with
fluorescein, an
orange-colored
dye, may be touched to the side of the eye; this stains the tear film on the surface of the eye to aid examination. The dye is naturally rinsed out of the eye by
tears.
The subsequent test may involve placing drops in the eye in order to
dilate the pupils. The drops take about 15 to 20
minutes to work, after which the examination is repeated, allowing the back of the eye to be examined. Patients will experience some
light sensitivity for a few hours after this exam, and the dilating drops may also cause increased
pressure in the eye, leading to
nausea and
pain; although this is very rare, patients experiencing these symptoms are advised to immediately seek medical attention.
Adults need no special preparation for the test, however
children may need some preparation, depending on age, interests, previous experiences, and level of trust.
The slit lamp exam may detect many diseases of the eye, including:
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